A ceramic can be an inorganic, nonmetallic[a] solid material comprising steel, nonmetal or metalloid atoms mainly held in ionic and covalent bonds. The crystallinity of ceramic materials ranges from oriented to semi-crystalline highly, and frequently completely amorphous (e.g., glasses). Varying crystallinity and electron intake in the ionic and covalent bonds cause most ceramic materials to be good thermal and electro-mechanical insulators (thoroughly investigated in ceramic anatomist). With such a huge selection of possible options for the structure/structure of your ceramic (e.g. all the elements practically, nearly all types of bonding, and all levels of crystallinity), the breadth of the subject is huge, and identifiable qualities (e.g. hardness, toughness, electro-mechanical conductivity, etc.) are hard to specify for the blended group all together. General properties such as high melting temperature, high hardness, poor conductivity, high moduli of elasticity, chemical resistance and low ductility are the norm,[1] with known exceptions to each of these rules (e.g. piezoelectric ceramics, cup transition temps, superconductive ceramics, etc.). Many composites, such as fiberglass and carbon dietary fiber, while filled with ceramic materials, are not regarded as part of the ceramic family.The term "ceramic comes from the Greek term ????????? (keramikos), "of pottery" or "for pottery",[3] from ??????? (keramos), "potter's clay, tile, pottery".[4] The earliest known reference to the main "ceram-" is the Mycenaean Greek ke-ra-me-we, "individuals of ceramics", written in Linear B syllabic script.[5] The term "ceramic" can be utilized as an adjective to describe a material, process or product, or it may be used as a noun, either singular, or, additionally, as the plural noun "ceramics".The earliest ceramics created by humans were pottery objects, including 27,000-year-old figurines, created from clay, either by itself or blended with other materials like silica, hardened, sintered, in fireplace. Ceramics were glazed and fired to generate smooth later, colored surfaces, lessening porosity by using glassy, amorphous ceramic coatings together with the crystalline ceramic substrates.[7] Ceramics now include local, industrial and building products, as well as a wide range of ceramic art. Within the 20th hundred years, new ceramic materials were developed for use in advanced ceramic engineering, such as in semiconductors.Ceramic artifacts offer an important role in archaeology for understanding the culture, patterns and technology of individuals of days gone by. They can be among the most common artifacts to be found at an archaeological site, generally in the form of small fragments of broken pottery called sherds. Control of collected sherds can be consistent with two main types of evaluation: technical and traditional.Traditional analysis requires sorting ceramic artifacts, sherds and much larger fragments into specific types based on style, composition, manufacturing and morphology. By creating these typologies it is possible to distinguish between different cultural styles, the purpose of the ceramic and scientific talk about of the interpersonal people among other conclusions. Furthermore, by looking at stylistic changes of ceramics as time passes is it possible to separate (seriate) the ceramics into distinct diagnostic groups (assemblages). An evaluation of ceramic artifacts with known dated assemblages permits a chronological task of these items.[13]The technical approach to ceramic analysis includes a finer examination of the structure of ceramic artifacts and sherds to determine the source of the materials and through this the possible manufacturing site. Key criteria are the composition of the clay and the temper found in the production of this article under analysis: temper is a materials put into the clay during the initial production stage, and it can be used to aid the subsequent drying out process. Types of temper include shell items, granite fragments and floor sherd items called 'grog'. Temper is recognized by microscopic examination of the temper material usually. Clay identification is determined by an activity of refiring the ceramic, and assigning a color to it using Munsell Soil Color notation. By estimating both temper and clay compositions, and locating a region where both are recognized to occur, an project of the material source can be made. From the foundation task of the artifact further investigations can be made in to the site of production.
ceramics by velichko velikov january 28th 2012 by retail design blog
Modern Ceramic Lamps By Mamati DigsDigs
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Modern Ceramic Lamps By Mamati DigsDigs
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A ceramic can be an inorganic, nonmetallic[a] solid material comprising steel, nonmetal or metalloid atoms mainly held in ionic and covalent bonds. The crystallinity of ceramic materials ranges from oriented to semi-crystalline highly, and frequently completely amorphous (e.g., glasses). Varying crystallinity and electron intake in the ionic and covalent bonds cause most ceramic materials to be good thermal and electro-mechanical insulators (thoroughly investigated in ceramic anatomist). With such a huge selection of possible options for the structure/structure of your ceramic (e.g. all the elements practically, nearly all types of bonding, and all levels of crystallinity), the breadth of the subject is huge, and identifiable qualities (e.g. hardness, toughness, electro-mechanical conductivity, etc.) are hard to specify for the blended group all together. General properties such as high melting temperature, high hardness, poor conductivity, high moduli of elasticity, chemical resistance and low ductility are the norm,[1] with known exceptions to each of these rules (e.g. piezoelectric ceramics, cup transition temps, superconductive ceramics, etc.). Many composites, such as fiberglass and carbon dietary fiber, while filled with ceramic materials, are not regarded as part of the ceramic family.
The term "ceramic comes from the Greek term ????????? (keramikos), "of pottery" or "for pottery",[3] from ??????? (keramos), "potter's clay, tile, pottery".[4] The earliest known reference to the main "ceram-" is the Mycenaean Greek ke-ra-me-we, "individuals of ceramics", written in Linear B syllabic script.[5] The term "ceramic" can be utilized as an adjective to describe a material, process or product, or it may be used as a noun, either singular, or, additionally, as the plural noun "ceramics".
The earliest ceramics created by humans were pottery objects, including 27,000-year-old figurines, created from clay, either by itself or blended with other materials like silica, hardened, sintered, in fireplace. Ceramics were glazed and fired to generate smooth later, colored surfaces, lessening porosity by using glassy, amorphous ceramic coatings together with the crystalline ceramic substrates.[7] Ceramics now include local, industrial and building products, as well as a wide range of ceramic art. Within the 20th hundred years, new ceramic materials were developed for use in advanced ceramic engineering, such as in semiconductors.
Ceramic artifacts offer an important role in archaeology for understanding the culture, patterns and technology of individuals of days gone by. They can be among the most common artifacts to be found at an archaeological site, generally in the form of small fragments of broken pottery called sherds. Control of collected sherds can be consistent with two main types of evaluation: technical and traditional.
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