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A ceramic can be an inorganic, nonmetallic[a] stable material comprising steel, nonmetal or metalloid atoms mainly held in ionic and covalent bonds. The crystallinity of ceramic materials ranges from oriented to semi-crystalline highly, and often completely amorphous (e.g., spectacles). Differing crystallinity and electron usage in the ionic and covalent bonds cause most ceramic materials to be good thermal and electro-mechanical insulators (thoroughly explored in ceramic executive). With such a sizable range of possible options for the structure/structure of an ceramic (e.g. all of the elements almost, almost all types of bonding, and all levels of crystallinity), the breadth of the subject is huge, and identifiable traits (e.g. hardness, toughness, electronic conductivity, etc.) are hard to designate for the merged group as a whole. General properties such as high melting temperature, high hardness, poor conductivity, high moduli of elasticity, chemical resistance and low ductility are the norm,[1] with known exceptions to each of these rules (e.g. piezoelectric ceramics, a glass transition heat, superconductive ceramics, etc.). Many composites, such as carbon and fiberglass dietary fiber, while comprising ceramic materials, are not regarded as part of the ceramic family.The expressed expression "ceramic originates from the Greek phrase ????????? (keramikos), "of pottery" or "for pottery",[3] from ??????? (keramos), "potter's clay, tile, pottery".[4] The initial known mention of the root "ceram-" is the Mycenaean Greek ke-ra-me-we, "personnel of ceramics", written in Linear B syllabic script.[5] The term "ceramic" may be used as an adjective to describe a material, product or process, or it might be used as a noun, either singular, or, more commonly, as the plural noun "ceramics".The initial ceramics made by humans were pottery things, including 27,000-year-old figurines, made from clay, either alone or blended with other materials like silica, solidified, sintered, in flames. Ceramics were glazed and terminated to create simple later, colored surfaces, lessening porosity through the use of glassy, amorphous ceramic coatings together with the crystalline ceramic substrates.[7] Ceramics now include local, professional and building products, as well as a variety of ceramic art. Inside the 20th hundred years, new ceramic materials were developed for use in advanced ceramic anatomist, such such as semiconductors.Ceramic artifacts provide an important role in archaeology for understanding the culture, habit and technology of individuals of days gone by. These are among the most typical artifacts found at an archaeological site, generally in the form of small fragments of broken pottery called sherds. Control of collected sherds can be constant with two main types of evaluation: specialized and traditional.Traditional analysis involves sorting ceramic artifacts, sherds and greater fragments into specific types based on style, composition, manufacturing and morphology. By creating these typologies it is possible to distinguish between different cultural styles, the goal of the ceramic and scientific express of the cultural people among other conclusions. In addition, by looking at stylistic changes of ceramics as time passes is it possible to separate (seriate) the ceramics into distinct diagnostic groups (assemblages). A comparison of ceramic artifacts with known dated assemblages permits a chronological task of these items.[13]The technical method of ceramic analysis includes a finer study of the composition of ceramic artifacts and sherds to look for the source of the materials and through this the possible processing site. Key requirements are the structure of the clay and the temper used in the produce of the article under study: temper is a material put into the clay during the initial production stage, and it is used to aid the next drying out process. Types of temper include shell parts, granite fragments and earth sherd bits called 'grog'. Temper is usually identified by microscopic examination of the temper material. Clay identification depends upon a process of refiring the ceramic, and assigning a color to it using Munsell Soil Color notation. By estimating both the clay and temper compositions, and locating an area where both are recognized to occur, an assignment of the material source can be produced. From the source task of the artifact further investigations can be made into the site of manufacture.
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Ceramics Plates, Flower Design, Blue Flower, Decor Plates
A ceramic can be an inorganic, nonmetallic[a] stable material comprising steel, nonmetal or metalloid atoms mainly held in ionic and covalent bonds. The crystallinity of ceramic materials ranges from oriented to semi-crystalline highly, and often completely amorphous (e.g., spectacles). Differing crystallinity and electron usage in the ionic and covalent bonds cause most ceramic materials to be good thermal and electro-mechanical insulators (thoroughly explored in ceramic executive). With such a sizable range of possible options for the structure/structure of an ceramic (e.g. all of the elements almost, almost all types of bonding, and all levels of crystallinity), the breadth of the subject is huge, and identifiable traits (e.g. hardness, toughness, electronic conductivity, etc.) are hard to designate for the merged group as a whole. General properties such as high melting temperature, high hardness, poor conductivity, high moduli of elasticity, chemical resistance and low ductility are the norm,[1] with known exceptions to each of these rules (e.g. piezoelectric ceramics, a glass transition heat, superconductive ceramics, etc.). Many composites, such as carbon and fiberglass dietary fiber, while comprising ceramic materials, are not regarded as part of the ceramic family.
The expressed expression "ceramic originates from the Greek phrase ????????? (keramikos), "of pottery" or "for pottery",[3] from ??????? (keramos), "potter's clay, tile, pottery".[4] The initial known mention of the root "ceram-" is the Mycenaean Greek ke-ra-me-we, "personnel of ceramics", written in Linear B syllabic script.[5] The term "ceramic" may be used as an adjective to describe a material, product or process, or it might be used as a noun, either singular, or, more commonly, as the plural noun "ceramics".
The initial ceramics made by humans were pottery things, including 27,000-year-old figurines, made from clay, either alone or blended with other materials like silica, solidified, sintered, in flames. Ceramics were glazed and terminated to create simple later, colored surfaces, lessening porosity through the use of glassy, amorphous ceramic coatings together with the crystalline ceramic substrates.[7] Ceramics now include local, professional and building products, as well as a variety of ceramic art. Inside the 20th hundred years, new ceramic materials were developed for use in advanced ceramic anatomist, such such as semiconductors.
Ceramic artifacts provide an important role in archaeology for understanding the culture, habit and technology of individuals of days gone by. These are among the most typical artifacts found at an archaeological site, generally in the form of small fragments of broken pottery called sherds. Control of collected sherds can be constant with two main types of evaluation: specialized and traditional.
Traditional analysis involves sorting ceramic artifacts, sherds and greater fragments into specific types based on style, composition, manufacturing and morphology. By creating these typologies it is possible to distinguish between different cultural styles, the goal of the ceramic and scientific express of the cultural people among other conclusions. In addition, by looking at stylistic changes of ceramics as time passes is it possible to separate (seriate) the ceramics into distinct diagnostic groups (assemblages). A comparison of ceramic artifacts with known dated assemblages permits a chronological task of these items.[13]The technical method of ceramic analysis includes a finer study of the composition of ceramic artifacts and sherds to look for the source of the materials and through this the possible processing site. Key requirements are the structure of the clay and the temper used in the produce of the article under study: temper is a material put into the clay during the initial production stage, and it is used to aid the next drying out process. Types of temper include shell parts, granite fragments and earth sherd bits called 'grog'. Temper is usually identified by microscopic examination of the temper material. Clay identification depends upon a process of refiring the ceramic, and assigning a color to it using Munsell Soil Color notation. By estimating both the clay and temper compositions, and locating an area where both are recognized to occur, an assignment of the material source can be produced. From the source task of the artifact further investigations can be made into the site of manufacture.
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