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Amazon.com NOVICA Floral Serveware Ceramic Sugar Bowl, Blue
A ceramic can be an inorganic, nonmetallic[a] stable material comprising steel, nonmetal or metalloid atoms generally held in ionic and covalent bonds. The crystallinity of ceramic materials ranges from oriented to semi-crystalline highly, and frequently completely amorphous (e.g., glasses). Varying crystallinity and electron use in the ionic and covalent bonds cause most ceramic materials to be good thermal and electrical power insulators (extensively researched in ceramic executive). With such a big selection of possible options for the composition/structure of your ceramic (e.g. almost all of the elements, almost all types of bonding, and all levels of crystallinity), the breadth of the topic is vast, and identifiable features (e.g. hardness, toughness, electronic conductivity, etc.) are hard to designate for the mixed group all together. General properties such as high melting temperature, high hardness, poor conductivity, high moduli of elasticity, chemical resistance and low ductility are the norm,[1] with known exceptions to each of these rules (e.g. piezoelectric ceramics, glass transition temperatures, superconductive ceramics, etc.). Many composites, such as fiberglass and carbon dietary fiber, while filled with ceramic materials, aren't regarded as area of the ceramic family.The expressed phrase "ceramic originates from the Greek expression ????????? (keramikos), "of pottery" or "for pottery",[3] from ??????? (keramos), "potter's clay, tile, pottery".[4] The earliest known reference to the root "ceram-" is the Mycenaean Greek ke-ra-me-we, "employees of ceramics", written in Linear B syllabic script.[5] The term "ceramic" can be utilized as an adjective to spell it out a material, process or product, or it can be used as a noun, either singular, or, more commonly, as the plural noun "ceramics".The initial ceramics made by humans were pottery things, including 27,000-year-old figurines, created from clay, either by itself or blended with other materials like silica, solidified, sintered, in flame. Ceramics were glazed and fired to produce even later, colored surfaces, reducing porosity by using glassy, amorphous ceramic coatings on top of the crystalline ceramic substrates.[7] Ceramics now include home, commercial and building products, as well as a variety of ceramic art. In the 20th century, new ceramic materials were developed for use in advanced ceramic executive, such just as semiconductors.Ceramic artifacts have an important role in archaeology for understanding the culture, technology and habit of individuals of the past. They are among the most typical artifacts to be found at an archaeological site, generally by means of small fragments of broken pottery called sherds. Handling of collected sherds can be steady with two main types of evaluation: technical and traditional.Traditional analysis involves sorting ceramic artifacts, sherds and bigger fragments into specific types based on style, composition, manufacturing and morphology. By creating these typologies it is possible to distinguish between different cultural styles, the goal of the ceramic and scientific state of the sociable people among other conclusions. In addition, by looking at stylistic changes of ceramics over time is it possible to separate (seriate) the ceramics into distinct diagnostic groups (assemblages). A comparison of ceramic artifacts with known dated assemblages permits a chronological assignment of these parts.[13]The technical method of ceramic analysis includes a finer study of the composition of ceramic artifacts and sherds to look for the way to obtain the materials and through this the possible manufacturing site. Key requirements are the structure of the clay and the temper found in the production of the article under review: temper is a materials put into the clay during the initial production stage, and it can be used to aid the next drying process. Types of temper include shell parts, granite fragments and surface sherd portions called 'grog'. Temper is usually discovered by microscopic examination of the temper material. Clay identification is determined by a process of refiring the ceramic, and assigning a color to it using Munsell Soil Color notation. By estimating both temper and clay compositions, and locating an area where both are known to occur, an project of the material source can be produced. From the foundation assignment of the artifact further investigations can be made into the site of production.
EUGENE HŐN : CERAMIC ARTIST: Contemporary art and design In China
Association of Spanish Ceramic Tile Manufacturers, in association with
Zollanvari Jérémie Pauzié Oriental Ceramic Society Triangle Olympia
Zollanvari Jérémie Pauzié Oriental Ceramic Society Triangle Olympia
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A ceramic can be an inorganic, nonmetallic[a] stable material comprising steel, nonmetal or metalloid atoms generally held in ionic and covalent bonds. The crystallinity of ceramic materials ranges from oriented to semi-crystalline highly, and frequently completely amorphous (e.g., glasses). Varying crystallinity and electron use in the ionic and covalent bonds cause most ceramic materials to be good thermal and electrical power insulators (extensively researched in ceramic executive). With such a big selection of possible options for the composition/structure of your ceramic (e.g. almost all of the elements, almost all types of bonding, and all levels of crystallinity), the breadth of the topic is vast, and identifiable features (e.g. hardness, toughness, electronic conductivity, etc.) are hard to designate for the mixed group all together. General properties such as high melting temperature, high hardness, poor conductivity, high moduli of elasticity, chemical resistance and low ductility are the norm,[1] with known exceptions to each of these rules (e.g. piezoelectric ceramics, glass transition temperatures, superconductive ceramics, etc.). Many composites, such as fiberglass and carbon dietary fiber, while filled with ceramic materials, aren't regarded as area of the ceramic family.
The expressed phrase "ceramic originates from the Greek expression ????????? (keramikos), "of pottery" or "for pottery",[3] from ??????? (keramos), "potter's clay, tile, pottery".[4] The earliest known reference to the root "ceram-" is the Mycenaean Greek ke-ra-me-we, "employees of ceramics", written in Linear B syllabic script.[5] The term "ceramic" can be utilized as an adjective to spell it out a material, process or product, or it can be used as a noun, either singular, or, more commonly, as the plural noun "ceramics".
The initial ceramics made by humans were pottery things, including 27,000-year-old figurines, created from clay, either by itself or blended with other materials like silica, solidified, sintered, in flame. Ceramics were glazed and fired to produce even later, colored surfaces, reducing porosity by using glassy, amorphous ceramic coatings on top of the crystalline ceramic substrates.[7] Ceramics now include home, commercial and building products, as well as a variety of ceramic art. In the 20th century, new ceramic materials were developed for use in advanced ceramic executive, such just as semiconductors.
Ceramic artifacts have an important role in archaeology for understanding the culture, technology and habit of individuals of the past. They are among the most typical artifacts to be found at an archaeological site, generally by means of small fragments of broken pottery called sherds. Handling of collected sherds can be steady with two main types of evaluation: technical and traditional.
Traditional analysis involves sorting ceramic artifacts, sherds and bigger fragments into specific types based on style, composition, manufacturing and morphology. By creating these typologies it is possible to distinguish between different cultural styles, the goal of the ceramic and scientific state of the sociable people among other conclusions. In addition, by looking at stylistic changes of ceramics over time is it possible to separate (seriate) the ceramics into distinct diagnostic groups (assemblages). A comparison of ceramic artifacts with known dated assemblages permits a chronological assignment of these parts.[13]The technical method of ceramic analysis includes a finer study of the composition of ceramic artifacts and sherds to look for the way to obtain the materials and through this the possible manufacturing site. Key requirements are the structure of the clay and the temper found in the production of the article under review: temper is a materials put into the clay during the initial production stage, and it can be used to aid the next drying process. Types of temper include shell parts, granite fragments and surface sherd portions called 'grog'. Temper is usually discovered by microscopic examination of the temper material. Clay identification is determined by a process of refiring the ceramic, and assigning a color to it using Munsell Soil Color notation. By estimating both temper and clay compositions, and locating an area where both are known to occur, an project of the material source can be produced. From the foundation assignment of the artifact further investigations can be made into the site of production.
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