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Bulkeley ave Westport CT Transitional Bathroom new york by LCP
A ceramic can be an inorganic, nonmetallic[a] stable material comprising material, nonmetal or metalloid atoms held in ionic and covalent bonds primarily. The crystallinity of ceramic materials ranges from highly oriented to semi-crystalline, and frequently completely amorphous (e.g., spectacles). Varying crystallinity and electron ingestion in the ionic and covalent bonds cause most ceramic materials to be good thermal and electrical insulators (thoroughly explored in ceramic anatomist). With such a big range of possible options for the composition/structure of any ceramic (e.g. nearly all of the elements, all sorts of bonding practically, and all degrees of crystallinity), the breadth of the subject is vast, and identifiable traits (e.g. hardness, toughness, electric conductivity, etc.) are hard to specify for the mixed group all together. General properties such as high melting temperature, high hardness, poor conductivity, high moduli of elasticity, chemical resistance and low ductility will be the norm,[1] with known exceptions to each of these rules (e.g. piezoelectric ceramics, glass transition heat, superconductive ceramics, etc.). Many composites, such as carbon and fiberglass fiber, while containing ceramic materials, aren't regarded as part of the ceramic family.The term "ceramic originates from the Greek phrase ????????? (keramikos), "of pottery" or "for pottery",[3] from ??????? (keramos), "potter's clay, tile, pottery".[4] The earliest known mention of the main "ceram-" is the Mycenaean Greek ke-ra-me-we, "staff of ceramics", written in Linear B syllabic script.[5] The term "ceramic" may be used as an adjective to spell it out a material, process or product, or it might be used as a noun, either singular, or, additionally, as the plural noun "ceramics".The initial ceramics created by humans were pottery items, including 27,000-year-old figurines, made from clay, either by itself or mixed with other materials like silica, solidified, sintered, in fireplace. Later ceramics were glazed and fired to build easy, colored surfaces, decreasing porosity through the use of glassy, amorphous ceramic coatings together with the crystalline ceramic substrates.[7] Ceramics now include local, commercial and building products, as well as a variety of ceramic art. Inside the 20th century, new ceramic materials were developed for use in advanced ceramic engineering, such as with semiconductors.Ceramic artifacts own an important role in archaeology for understanding the culture, technology and patterns of individuals of the past. These are among the most frequent artifacts found at an archaeological site, generally in the form of small fragments of broken pottery called sherds. Processing of accumulated sherds can be regular with two main types of research: technological and traditional.Traditional analysis involves sorting ceramic artifacts, sherds and much larger fragments into specific types based on style, composition, morphology and manufacturing. By creating these typologies it is possible to distinguish between different cultural styles, the goal of the ceramic and technical state of the social people among other conclusions. Furthermore, by looking at stylistic changes of ceramics as time passes can you really separate (seriate) the ceramics into distinct diagnostic groups (assemblages). An evaluation of ceramic artifacts with known dated assemblages permits a chronological task of these portions.[13]The technical approach to ceramic analysis involves a finer examination of the structure of ceramic artifacts and sherds to determine the way to obtain the materials and through this the possible developing site. Key criteria are the composition of the clay and the temper used in the make of the article under analysis: temper is a material put into the clay through the initial production stage, and it is utilized to aid the subsequent drying out process. Types of temper include shell items, granite fragments and floor sherd items called 'grog'. Temper is usually determined by microscopic examination of the temper material. Clay identification depends upon a process of refiring the ceramic, and assigning a color to it using Munsell Soil Color notation. By estimating both the temper and clay compositions, and locating an area where both are known to occur, an assignment of the material source can be made. From the source task of the artifact further investigations can be made in to the site of make.
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