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Ceramic Designs By Ron Green Inc. Redding, CA, United States
A ceramic is an inorganic, nonmetallic[a] sturdy material comprising metallic, nonmetal or metalloid atoms held in ionic and covalent bonds primarily. The crystallinity of ceramic materials ranges from oriented to semi-crystalline highly, and frequently completely amorphous (e.g., spectacles). Varying crystallinity and electron utilization in the ionic and covalent bonds cause most ceramic materials to be good thermal and electro-mechanical insulators (extensively explored in ceramic anatomist). With such a large selection of possible options for the structure/structure of any ceramic (e.g. all of the elements practically, all types of bonding almost, and all degrees of crystallinity), the breadth of the subject is great, and identifiable features (e.g. hardness, toughness, electrical power conductivity, etc.) are hard to specify for the group as a whole. General properties such as high melting temperature, high hardness, poor conductivity, high moduli of elasticity, chemical resistance and low ductility are the norm,[1] with known exceptions to each of these rules (e.g. piezoelectric ceramics, goblet transition temperature, superconductive ceramics, etc.). Many composites, such as fiberglass and carbon dietary fiber, while made up of ceramic materials, aren't considered to be area of the ceramic family.The term "ceramic comes from the Greek expression ????????? (keramikos), "of pottery" or "for pottery",[3] from ??????? (keramos), "potter's clay, tile, pottery".[4] The earliest known reference to the main "ceram-" is the Mycenaean Greek ke-ra-me-we, "employees of ceramics", written in Linear B syllabic script.[5] The term "ceramic" may be used as an adjective to spell it out a material, product or process, or it might be used as a noun, either singular, or, additionally, as the plural noun "ceramics".The initial ceramics created by humans were pottery objects, including 27,000-year-old figurines, made from clay, either by itself or mixed with other materials like silica, hardened, sintered, in hearth. Later ceramics were glazed and fired to build simple, colored surfaces, lessening porosity by using glassy, amorphous ceramic coatings on top of the crystalline ceramic substrates.[7] Ceramics now include domestic, professional and building products, as well as a wide range of ceramic art. Inside the 20th century, new ceramic materials were developed for use in advanced ceramic anatomist, such just as semiconductors.Ceramic artifacts produce an important role in archaeology for understanding the culture, behavior and technology of peoples of days gone by. They are simply among the most frequent artifacts found at an archaeological site, generally by means of small fragments of broken pottery called sherds. Control of accumulated sherds can be consistent with two main types of examination: specialized and traditional.Traditional analysis entails sorting ceramic artifacts, sherds and much larger fragments into specific types predicated on style, composition, morphology and manufacturing. By creating these typologies it is possible to distinguish between different cultural styles, the goal of the ceramic and scientific status of the sociable people among other conclusions. In addition, by looking at stylistic changes of ceramics as time passes can you really separate (seriate) the ceramics into distinct diagnostic groups (assemblages). A comparison of ceramic artifacts with known dated assemblages allows for a chronological project of these pieces.[13]The technical approach to ceramic analysis includes a finer examination of the structure of ceramic artifacts and sherds to determine the source of the material and through this the possible creation site. Key standards are the structure of the clay and the temper found in the produce of this article under research: temper is a materials added to the clay during the initial production stage, and it can be used to aid the next drying out process. Types of temper include shell items, granite fragments and earth sherd pieces called 'grog'. Temper is usually recognized by microscopic examination of the temper material. Clay identification depends upon a process of refiring the ceramic, and assigning a color to it using Munsell Soil Color notation. By estimating both the clay and temper compositions, and locating an area where both are known to occur, an task of the materials source can be made. From the foundation project of the artifact further investigations can be made into the site of manufacture.
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A ceramic is an inorganic, nonmetallic[a] sturdy material comprising metallic, nonmetal or metalloid atoms held in ionic and covalent bonds primarily. The crystallinity of ceramic materials ranges from oriented to semi-crystalline highly, and frequently completely amorphous (e.g., spectacles). Varying crystallinity and electron utilization in the ionic and covalent bonds cause most ceramic materials to be good thermal and electro-mechanical insulators (extensively explored in ceramic anatomist). With such a large selection of possible options for the structure/structure of any ceramic (e.g. all of the elements practically, all types of bonding almost, and all degrees of crystallinity), the breadth of the subject is great, and identifiable features (e.g. hardness, toughness, electrical power conductivity, etc.) are hard to specify for the group as a whole. General properties such as high melting temperature, high hardness, poor conductivity, high moduli of elasticity, chemical resistance and low ductility are the norm,[1] with known exceptions to each of these rules (e.g. piezoelectric ceramics, goblet transition temperature, superconductive ceramics, etc.). Many composites, such as fiberglass and carbon dietary fiber, while made up of ceramic materials, aren't considered to be area of the ceramic family.
The term "ceramic comes from the Greek expression ????????? (keramikos), "of pottery" or "for pottery",[3] from ??????? (keramos), "potter's clay, tile, pottery".[4] The earliest known reference to the main "ceram-" is the Mycenaean Greek ke-ra-me-we, "employees of ceramics", written in Linear B syllabic script.[5] The term "ceramic" may be used as an adjective to spell it out a material, product or process, or it might be used as a noun, either singular, or, additionally, as the plural noun "ceramics".
The initial ceramics created by humans were pottery objects, including 27,000-year-old figurines, made from clay, either by itself or mixed with other materials like silica, hardened, sintered, in hearth. Later ceramics were glazed and fired to build simple, colored surfaces, lessening porosity by using glassy, amorphous ceramic coatings on top of the crystalline ceramic substrates.[7] Ceramics now include domestic, professional and building products, as well as a wide range of ceramic art. Inside the 20th century, new ceramic materials were developed for use in advanced ceramic anatomist, such just as semiconductors.
Ceramic artifacts produce an important role in archaeology for understanding the culture, behavior and technology of peoples of days gone by. They are simply among the most frequent artifacts found at an archaeological site, generally by means of small fragments of broken pottery called sherds. Control of accumulated sherds can be consistent with two main types of examination: specialized and traditional.
Traditional analysis entails sorting ceramic artifacts, sherds and much larger fragments into specific types predicated on style, composition, morphology and manufacturing. By creating these typologies it is possible to distinguish between different cultural styles, the goal of the ceramic and scientific status of the sociable people among other conclusions. In addition, by looking at stylistic changes of ceramics as time passes can you really separate (seriate) the ceramics into distinct diagnostic groups (assemblages). A comparison of ceramic artifacts with known dated assemblages allows for a chronological project of these pieces.[13]The technical approach to ceramic analysis includes a finer examination of the structure of ceramic artifacts and sherds to determine the source of the material and through this the possible creation site. Key standards are the structure of the clay and the temper found in the produce of this article under research: temper is a materials added to the clay during the initial production stage, and it can be used to aid the next drying out process. Types of temper include shell items, granite fragments and earth sherd pieces called 'grog'. Temper is usually recognized by microscopic examination of the temper material. Clay identification depends upon a process of refiring the ceramic, and assigning a color to it using Munsell Soil Color notation. By estimating both the clay and temper compositions, and locating an area where both are known to occur, an task of the materials source can be made. From the foundation project of the artifact further investigations can be made into the site of manufacture.
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