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1983 Duck Napkin Rings Ron Gordon Designs 8 Rings With Red Ribbon Nib
A ceramic is an inorganic, nonmetallic[a] stable material comprising material, nonmetal or metalloid atoms mainly held in ionic and covalent bonds. The crystallinity of ceramic materials ranges from oriented to semi-crystalline highly, and often completely amorphous (e.g., spectacles). Varying crystallinity and electron usage in the ionic and covalent bonds cause most ceramic materials to be good thermal and electronic insulators (thoroughly researched in ceramic engineering). With such a sizable range of possible options for the composition/structure of any ceramic (e.g. almost all of the elements, all types of bonding nearly, and all degrees of crystallinity), the breadth of the topic is vast, and identifiable attributes (e.g. hardness, toughness, electric powered conductivity, etc.) are hard to designate for the group all together. General properties such as high melting temperature, high hardness, poor conductivity, high moduli of elasticity, chemical resistance and low ductility will be the norm,[1] with known exceptions to each of these rules (e.g. piezoelectric ceramics, glass transition temperature, superconductive ceramics, etc.). Many composites, such as carbon and fiberglass fibers, while made up of ceramic materials, are not considered to be area of the ceramic family.The word "ceramic comes from the Greek term ????????? (keramikos), "of pottery" or "for pottery",[3] from ??????? (keramos), "potter's clay, tile, pottery".[4] The initial known reference to the main "ceram-" is the Mycenaean Greek ke-ra-me-we, "workers of ceramics", written in Linear B syllabic script.[5] The word "ceramic" may be used as an adjective to describe a material, product or process, or it may be used as a noun, either singular, or, more commonly, as the plural noun "ceramics".The earliest ceramics made by humans were pottery items, including 27,000-year-old figurines, made from clay, either alone or mixed with other materials like silica, solidified, sintered, in fireplace. Ceramics were glazed and fired to generate even later, colored surfaces, lowering porosity by using glassy, amorphous ceramic coatings on top of the crystalline ceramic substrates.[7] Ceramics now include domestic, industrial and building products, as well as a variety of ceramic art. Inside the 20th hundred years, new ceramic materials were developed for use in advanced ceramic executive, such just as semiconductors.Ceramic artifacts offer an important role in archaeology for understanding the culture, technology and patterns of peoples of the past. They are among the most frequent artifacts to be found at an archaeological site, generally in the form of small fragments of broken pottery called sherds. Processing of accumulated sherds can be regular with two main types of evaluation: technological and traditional.Traditional analysis consists of sorting ceramic artifacts, sherds and greater fragments into specific types based on style, composition, manufacturing and morphology. By creating these typologies it is possible to distinguish between different cultural styles, the goal of the ceramic and technological state of the people among other conclusions. Furthermore, by looking at stylistic changes of ceramics as time passes can you really separate (seriate) the ceramics into distinct diagnostic groups (assemblages). An evaluation of ceramic artifacts with known dated assemblages permits a chronological project of these portions.[13]The technical method of ceramic analysis consists of a finer examination of the composition of ceramic artifacts and sherds to look for the way to obtain the material and through this the possible creation site. Key criteria are the composition of the clay and the temper found in the manufacture of this article under analysis: temper is a material put into the clay through the initial production stage, and it is used to aid the next drying out process. Types of temper include shell pieces, granite fragments and earth sherd pieces called 'grog'. Temper is usually identified by microscopic examination of the temper material. Clay identification is determined by a process of refiring the ceramic, and assigning a color to it using Munsell Soil Color notation. By estimating both temper and clay compositions, and locating an area where both are known to occur, an assignment of the materials source can be produced. From the source project of the artifact further investigations can be made in to the site of produce.
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A ceramic is an inorganic, nonmetallic[a] stable material comprising material, nonmetal or metalloid atoms mainly held in ionic and covalent bonds. The crystallinity of ceramic materials ranges from oriented to semi-crystalline highly, and often completely amorphous (e.g., spectacles). Varying crystallinity and electron usage in the ionic and covalent bonds cause most ceramic materials to be good thermal and electronic insulators (thoroughly researched in ceramic engineering). With such a sizable range of possible options for the composition/structure of any ceramic (e.g. almost all of the elements, all types of bonding nearly, and all degrees of crystallinity), the breadth of the topic is vast, and identifiable attributes (e.g. hardness, toughness, electric powered conductivity, etc.) are hard to designate for the group all together. General properties such as high melting temperature, high hardness, poor conductivity, high moduli of elasticity, chemical resistance and low ductility will be the norm,[1] with known exceptions to each of these rules (e.g. piezoelectric ceramics, glass transition temperature, superconductive ceramics, etc.). Many composites, such as carbon and fiberglass fibers, while made up of ceramic materials, are not considered to be area of the ceramic family.
The word "ceramic comes from the Greek term ????????? (keramikos), "of pottery" or "for pottery",[3] from ??????? (keramos), "potter's clay, tile, pottery".[4] The initial known reference to the main "ceram-" is the Mycenaean Greek ke-ra-me-we, "workers of ceramics", written in Linear B syllabic script.[5] The word "ceramic" may be used as an adjective to describe a material, product or process, or it may be used as a noun, either singular, or, more commonly, as the plural noun "ceramics".
The earliest ceramics made by humans were pottery items, including 27,000-year-old figurines, made from clay, either alone or mixed with other materials like silica, solidified, sintered, in fireplace. Ceramics were glazed and fired to generate even later, colored surfaces, lowering porosity by using glassy, amorphous ceramic coatings on top of the crystalline ceramic substrates.[7] Ceramics now include domestic, industrial and building products, as well as a variety of ceramic art. Inside the 20th hundred years, new ceramic materials were developed for use in advanced ceramic executive, such just as semiconductors.
Ceramic artifacts offer an important role in archaeology for understanding the culture, technology and patterns of peoples of the past. They are among the most frequent artifacts to be found at an archaeological site, generally in the form of small fragments of broken pottery called sherds. Processing of accumulated sherds can be regular with two main types of evaluation: technological and traditional.
Traditional analysis consists of sorting ceramic artifacts, sherds and greater fragments into specific types based on style, composition, manufacturing and morphology. By creating these typologies it is possible to distinguish between different cultural styles, the goal of the ceramic and technological state of the people among other conclusions. Furthermore, by looking at stylistic changes of ceramics as time passes can you really separate (seriate) the ceramics into distinct diagnostic groups (assemblages). An evaluation of ceramic artifacts with known dated assemblages permits a chronological project of these portions.[13]The technical method of ceramic analysis consists of a finer examination of the composition of ceramic artifacts and sherds to look for the way to obtain the material and through this the possible creation site. Key criteria are the composition of the clay and the temper found in the manufacture of this article under analysis: temper is a material put into the clay through the initial production stage, and it is used to aid the next drying out process. Types of temper include shell pieces, granite fragments and earth sherd pieces called 'grog'. Temper is usually identified by microscopic examination of the temper material. Clay identification is determined by a process of refiring the ceramic, and assigning a color to it using Munsell Soil Color notation. By estimating both temper and clay compositions, and locating an area where both are known to occur, an assignment of the materials source can be produced. From the source project of the artifact further investigations can be made in to the site of produce.
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