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Pottery and Ceramics featured articles.
A ceramic can be an inorganic, nonmetallic[a] sound material comprising metal, nonmetal or metalloid atoms held in ionic and covalent bonds primarily. The crystallinity of ceramic materials ranges from oriented to semi-crystalline highly, and often completely amorphous (e.g., eyeglasses). Differing crystallinity and electron use in the ionic and covalent bonds cause most ceramic materials to be good thermal and electric powered insulators (thoroughly researched in ceramic anatomist). With such a huge range of possible options for the structure/structure of the ceramic (e.g. nearly all of the elements, nearly all types of bonding, and all degrees of crystallinity), the breadth of the subject is huge, and identifiable characteristics (e.g. hardness, toughness, electrical conductivity, etc.) are hard to identify for the group as a whole. General properties such as high melting temperature, high hardness, poor conductivity, high moduli of elasticity, chemical resistance and low ductility will be the norm,[1] with known exceptions to each one of these rules (e.g. piezoelectric ceramics, glass transition heat, superconductive ceramics, etc.). Many composites, such as carbon and fiberglass fiber, while containing ceramic materials, are not regarded as area of the ceramic family.The term "ceramic comes from the Greek phrase ????????? (keramikos), "of pottery" or "for pottery",[3] from ??????? (keramos), "potter's clay, tile, pottery".[4] The initial known mention of the main "ceram-" is the Mycenaean Greek ke-ra-me-we, "employees of ceramics", written in Linear B syllabic script.[5] The word "ceramic" can be utilized as an adjective to spell it out a material, product or process, or it might be used as a noun, either singular, or, additionally, as the plural noun "ceramics".The earliest ceramics made by humans were pottery things, including 27,000-year-old figurines, created from clay, either alone or blended with other materials like silica, solidified, sintered, in fireplace. Later ceramics were glazed and terminated to build simple, colored surfaces, reducing porosity by using glassy, amorphous ceramic coatings together with the crystalline ceramic substrates.[7] Ceramics now include domestic, industrial and building products, as well as a variety of ceramic art. Within the 20th century, new ceramic materials were developed for use in advanced ceramic anatomist, such as in semiconductors.Ceramic artifacts come with an important role in archaeology for understanding the culture, tendencies and technology of peoples of the past. They are simply among the most typical artifacts to be found at an archaeological site, generally in the form of small fragments of broken pottery called sherds. Handling of gathered sherds can be constant with two main types of examination: technical and traditional.Traditional analysis requires sorting ceramic artifacts, sherds and bigger fragments into specific types based on style, composition, manufacturing and morphology. By creating these typologies you'll be able to distinguish between different cultural styles, the purpose of the ceramic and technological status of the communal people among other conclusions. In addition, by looking at stylistic changes of ceramics as time passes is it possible to separate (seriate) the ceramics into distinct diagnostic groups (assemblages). A comparison of ceramic artifacts with known dated assemblages permits a chronological project of these pieces.[13]The technical method of ceramic analysis requires a finer examination of the structure of ceramic artifacts and sherds to look for the source of the material and through this the possible production site. Key standards are the composition of the clay and the temper used in the manufacture of the article under research: temper is a material put into the clay during the initial production level, and it is utilized to aid the subsequent drying process. Types of temper include shell bits, granite fragments and ground sherd bits called 'grog'. Temper is usually determined by microscopic examination of the temper material. Clay identification is determined by a process of refiring the ceramic, and assigning a color to it using Munsell Soil Color notation. By estimating both the temper and clay compositions, and locating an area where both are known to occur, an project of the materials source can be produced. From the source project of the artifact further investigations can be produced in to the site of produce.
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A ceramic can be an inorganic, nonmetallic[a] sound material comprising metal, nonmetal or metalloid atoms held in ionic and covalent bonds primarily. The crystallinity of ceramic materials ranges from oriented to semi-crystalline highly, and often completely amorphous (e.g., eyeglasses). Differing crystallinity and electron use in the ionic and covalent bonds cause most ceramic materials to be good thermal and electric powered insulators (thoroughly researched in ceramic anatomist). With such a huge range of possible options for the structure/structure of the ceramic (e.g. nearly all of the elements, nearly all types of bonding, and all degrees of crystallinity), the breadth of the subject is huge, and identifiable characteristics (e.g. hardness, toughness, electrical conductivity, etc.) are hard to identify for the group as a whole. General properties such as high melting temperature, high hardness, poor conductivity, high moduli of elasticity, chemical resistance and low ductility will be the norm,[1] with known exceptions to each one of these rules (e.g. piezoelectric ceramics, glass transition heat, superconductive ceramics, etc.). Many composites, such as carbon and fiberglass fiber, while containing ceramic materials, are not regarded as area of the ceramic family.
The term "ceramic comes from the Greek phrase ????????? (keramikos), "of pottery" or "for pottery",[3] from ??????? (keramos), "potter's clay, tile, pottery".[4] The initial known mention of the main "ceram-" is the Mycenaean Greek ke-ra-me-we, "employees of ceramics", written in Linear B syllabic script.[5] The word "ceramic" can be utilized as an adjective to spell it out a material, product or process, or it might be used as a noun, either singular, or, additionally, as the plural noun "ceramics".
The earliest ceramics made by humans were pottery things, including 27,000-year-old figurines, created from clay, either alone or blended with other materials like silica, solidified, sintered, in fireplace. Later ceramics were glazed and terminated to build simple, colored surfaces, reducing porosity by using glassy, amorphous ceramic coatings together with the crystalline ceramic substrates.[7] Ceramics now include domestic, industrial and building products, as well as a variety of ceramic art. Within the 20th century, new ceramic materials were developed for use in advanced ceramic anatomist, such as in semiconductors.
Ceramic artifacts come with an important role in archaeology for understanding the culture, tendencies and technology of peoples of the past. They are simply among the most typical artifacts to be found at an archaeological site, generally in the form of small fragments of broken pottery called sherds. Handling of gathered sherds can be constant with two main types of examination: technical and traditional.
Traditional analysis requires sorting ceramic artifacts, sherds and bigger fragments into specific types based on style, composition, manufacturing and morphology. By creating these typologies you'll be able to distinguish between different cultural styles, the purpose of the ceramic and technological status of the communal people among other conclusions. In addition, by looking at stylistic changes of ceramics as time passes is it possible to separate (seriate) the ceramics into distinct diagnostic groups (assemblages). A comparison of ceramic artifacts with known dated assemblages permits a chronological project of these pieces.[13]The technical method of ceramic analysis requires a finer examination of the structure of ceramic artifacts and sherds to look for the source of the material and through this the possible production site. Key standards are the composition of the clay and the temper used in the manufacture of the article under research: temper is a material put into the clay during the initial production level, and it is utilized to aid the subsequent drying process. Types of temper include shell bits, granite fragments and ground sherd bits called 'grog'. Temper is usually determined by microscopic examination of the temper material. Clay identification is determined by a process of refiring the ceramic, and assigning a color to it using Munsell Soil Color notation. By estimating both the temper and clay compositions, and locating an area where both are known to occur, an project of the materials source can be produced. From the source project of the artifact further investigations can be produced in to the site of produce.
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